Electrical door-operating device



J. R. KAISERMAN. ELEcTmcAL. DooR OPERATING DEVICE.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 22. I920 I Patented May23,1922

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APPLICATION FILED JUNE 22,1920.

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A TTRNEYS J. R. KAISERIVIAN. ELECTRICAL DOOR OPERATING DEVICE.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 22,1920.

Patented May23, 1922.

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A TTOH/I/EYS UNITED STATES PLATENT OFFICE.

JACOB R. KAISERHAN. 0F LIVINGSTON. MONTANA.

'ELECTRICAL DOOR-OPERATING DEVICE.

an electric motor to open the same and which is closed by means ofthe action of a coil spring.

This invention is related to and is an improvement on-the device shown in my nited States Patent. Xo. 1249110. issued December 4. v1917. entitled "Electrical operating means for doors."

An object of the invention is to improve and simplifyv the construction and operation of door-operating devices so that they may be reliable and ettcient in use. simple to manufacture. and so designed that the door can be opened by hand. ifthe power for the motor should fail. withoutl altering any of the operating connections between the motor and the door.

A further object of the invention is to provide a speed controller which prevents the lnotor from exceeding a certain speed in opening the door. and likewise prevents the spring from exceeding a certain speed in closing the door.

Another object is the provision of means which permits the use of an electric motor adapted for heavy starting duty and which at the same time does not allow the electricmotor armature or its revolving'element to receive power from the spring motor during the closing operation of the door.

Another object is the provision of means wherebv the door may be kopened by hand faster 'than the y electric motor normally drives it. 4

A still further object concerns the provision of a switch in the electric-motor .circuit. which is operated automatically to deenergize the motor after a certain/point in the opening of the door is reached.

Still another objectl is the provision of a circuit closing and holding` relay which holds the motor circuit closed after it vhas been Specification of Letters Patent. I Patented 'DIay Application led J'une 22, 1920. Serial'No. 390,788.

inventionv resides in the .various novel features of construction and the arrangement of parts which will be hereinafter set. forth.

. The invention in general comprises a cas-V ing which may be attached to a door. this casing containing a sha-ft connected with an arm outside the casing` which arm may be in turn connected to a. link member fastened to the door jamb. the wall. or some other convenient place.` This shaft is adapted to be rotated through the action of an electric motor which may be started by means of a suitable switch located on the door and operated in connection with the door knob or which may be a push button located in any suitable place near or distant. During the time the motor is opening the door` it. is also winding up a coil spring which. when the door is to be closed. transmits its power through suitable gearing to close the door.

The invention also resides in the provision ofan automatic,centrifugal clutch. whereby the speed of the motor in opening the door cannot exceed a certain amount. which clutch is so arranged that when the door is closing and the spring is furnishing the power therefor. the motor armature is not turned over during this time.

The invention also resides in the provision of a semi-positive clutch between the motor and the door in some part of the mechanism so that the door may be opened by hand at a much faster rate of speed than the motor is driving it. without damaging any of the parts of the mechanism.

A master controller isV also provided inv prises a casing 1 within which is located an position affords a circuit arrangement whereby an electromagnetic brake is energized to stop the door in any position it may be in at that particular moment.

The invention is illustrated in the drawings, of which--l Figure 1 is an eleva-tion of the mechanism with a portion of the casing removed;

Figure 2 is an elevation with the casing removed looking from below in Figure 1;

Figure 3 is a, detail section taken on the line 3-3 of Figure 1;

Figure 4 is a perspective detail o f a cam adapted to be attached to the main motor shaft;

Figure 5 is a horizontal section taken on the line 5 5 of Figure 1 showing details of the electromagnetic brake;

Figure 6 is a vertical section taken on the line 6-6 of Figure l showing certain other details of the electromagnetic brake;

Figure 7 is a vertical section taken on the line 7-7 of Figure 1 and showing more in detail the semi-positive clutch between the vmotor shafting and the spring-motor shaft;

. Figure 8 is a horizontal section taken on the llne 8-8 of Figure 9 showing details of the centrifugal speed controller for the electric motor as well as for the spring motor;

Figure 9 is a vertical section taken on the line 9-9 of Figure 8 and showing other details of said controller;

Figure 10 is a plan View of the device with the top cover removed;

Figure 11 is a diagrammatic representation of the various positions the door may assume during its movement;

Figure 12 is a circuit diagram representing the circuit adapted to be operated when push buttons or other local switches are to be used;

Figure 13 is another circuit diagram representing the condition of the circuit when the use of push buttons or other local switches is to be eliminated.

As shown in the drawings. the device comelectric motor 2. a coil spring motor 3 and an electromagnet 4. The casing is traversed by al partition 5 through which various shafts pass and in which they are suitably journaled. The coil spring 3 is fastened at one end to a shaft 6 and atthe other end to a portion 7 of the casing 1. At its upper and lower ends the shaft 6 is suitablyv journaled .in the casing. and at its upper end is pro-' vided with a pinion 8 which Vis adapted to mesh with a gear 9 fastened to a shaft 10. The shaft 10 is journaled in the partition 5 as well as in the casing 1. At its upper end this shaft is connected to an arm 11. This arm in turn is adapted to be adjustablv con nected to a link 12. This link 12 may be fastened in any suitable position to a stationary portion. such as a door jamb 13.

As power is applied, tending to rotate the arm 11 in one direction or the other, the door 14, to which the casing 1 may be fastened in any suitable manner, opens or closes.

As shown particularly more in detail, in Figures 8 and 9, the motor 2 is connected through its armature with a shaft 15. This shaft is journaled in the partition 5 and is provided with suitable ball bearings. s shown in Figure 4, a cam 16 and an integral connecting plate 17 is mounted rigidly on an intermediate portion of the shaft 15 adjacent the partition 5. The cam portion 16 is 'adapted-to extend into a similarly-shaped an outwardly-extending platform or ange portion 24 on and between which and the partition 5 are disposed a plurality of cenltrifugally actuated weights 25 which are vheld together` by springs 26 and 2T. These weight portions 25 are provided with slots 28 in which are disposed suitable screw means to permit movement of the members 25 underl the action of centrifugal force. When the motor is running and exceeds a certain speed these members 25 are adapted to move outwardly and rotate against and engage vwitli'a'stationalfvv ring 29 which ma)v be rigidly connected to the partition 5. This action tends to retard the speed of the motor. It will be noted that in order to make connection between the pinion 23 and the motor shaft 15. the motor shaft 15 must have attained a certain minimum rotary speed sufficient to cause the friction-clutch weights y 18 and 19 to move outwardly and engage with the inner surface of the carrier 22.

The pinion 23 meshes with a gear 30.' This gear 30 carries a pinion 31 and both are mounted loosely on the lower end of shaft 10. which is suitably journaled at both ends in the casing 1 (see Figures 5 and 6). The pinion 31 is adapted to mesh with a ring gear 32 (see Figure 7). which is disposed adjacent the partition 5. The spring motor shaft 6 previously mentioned is provided adjacent the partitions 5 with a hub portion 33 rigidly attaclied.tl1ereto. Between this hub portion and the inner face of the ring gear 32 al'e disposed a plurality of springpressed cam surfaces 34. the configuration of which is so arranged that relative movement between the ring gear 32 and the hub 33 in one direction is permissible. whereas relative movement in the opposite direction cannot take place. the two parts moving together in this direction.

-far set forth that when the motor shaft 15 turns in the direction of the arrow shownl in 'Figure 2, the resultant motion ofv the ring gear 32 will be in the direction of the arrow shown in Figure 2 on this ring gear. 'It will be evident from a consideration of this clutch arrangement just described that when the ring gear moves in this direction 1t actuates the hub 33 and a shaft 6 through the clutching action of the lcani members 34. Likewise, if power was being derived from the hub 33 to move the hub in a counterclockwise direction, as viewed in Figure 5, the ring gear 32' likewise would be moved in a counterclockwise direction and power would be transmitted through pinion 31. gear 30, pinion 23, and the carrier 22 whenever the spring motor. was providing the power: but the rotation of carrier 22, as above mentioned, does not affect the rotation of the electric motor shaft 15 by reason of the fact that the friction-clutch weights 18 and 19 are not" in contact with the carrier 22 and can only be placed in contact therewithby the motion of thecam 16 on the motor shaft 15. Nevertheless, the mot-ion of the carrier 22, just'fabove mentioned7 permits of the action of centrifugal weights 25 against the stationary ring 29 so that. these weights retard the spring motor to prevent it from closing the door too fast. A further consideration of Figure 5 -will show that if the door is seized b v hand and moved to open it faster than the motor 2 would ordinarily drive it. this motion would cause the shaft 6 and the hub 33 to tend to move faster than the ring gear 32. and it will be observed that relative motion in this directionY is provided for by the configuration of the cam surfaces 34.

, For many purposes it may be desirable that'the door be stogppedin any particular position. To do this a braking mechanism has been provided which, as shown in the drawings. with particular reference to Figures 5v and 6.has taken the form of an electromagnetic brake. This brake comprises an velectromagnet 4 suitably mounted on the links 44 and 45 which are suitably pivoted at one end in the partition 5 and'at the other ends are pivotally connected to thesends 46 and 47 of a brake ring or band 48. The lbrake ring 48 is connected at itsouter ends to suitable `projecting portions 49 connected to the partition 5. It will be observed that whenever-'the electromagnet4 is energized the plunger is pulled into the magnet and operates the toggle members 43` this action resulting inl the spreading of the parts of the brake ring 48 into engagement with the inner surfaces of the gear 30. This action effectively brakes the transmission of power and movement from the spring under tension to shaft 10.

It is also desirable that when the electric motor is operating to open the door that the electrical circuit of the motor be deenergized at a suitable point inthe period of the opening of the door, and to this end I provide the upper end of shaft 10 with a cam 50 rigidly fastened thereon which is adapted to engage a portion of a lever 51 pivotally connected to the casing 1. The outer end of this lever 51 is adapted normally to rest against the protruding end 52 of a switch 53 and is, for the major portion of the rotation of cam 50. held in this position. However. durin a portion of the rotation of the cam 50 theever 51 is released from the end 52 of the switch 53 and a spring 54 comes into play to move the bar 52 of the switch 53 and open the electrical circuit for the motor. This switch, except as above set forth. may be of any suitable form or construction. The switch 53 is mounted on lugs 55 which project from the casinor 1.

Figure 11 shows the door jam'b 13 and the door 14, and in dotted lines door 14 is represented in av plurality of positions which it may assume during the operation of the door-operating mechanism. From this figure it is clearly seen'liow the link 12 is connected in any suitable manner to the door` jamb 13 and how the casing 1 is fastened to the door itself and through the bar 11, connecting with the link 12, operates to open and close the door.

In Figure 12 is represented a diagram of the electrical circuit whereby the functions of the mechanism above described are controlled and regulated.4 Figure 13 is also a diagrammatic representation of the electrical circuit involved showing a mastercontrolled switch in a different position from that in which 'it is shown in Figulre 12. In these diagrams is shown a motor 2, one terminal.. of which is connected :to the switch 53 which is operated by the ca m 50. It will be noted that this switch 53 is in series with the motor so that.. whenever the switch is openedthe motor is deenelrgized. A wire 60 connects the switch 53 with a relay 61 having a. core bar 62 carrying a contact plate 63. I

This contact plate 63, whenever the relay 61` v'1s energized. is adapted to make contact across between plates 64 and 65 so as to short circuit local switches 66. 6T and 68, which may be of any suitable type. The contacts 64 and 65 and the switches 66. 67 and 68 are connected to the' main circuit through relay1A 61 by wire 69. VThis parallel circuit on the other side is connected to a wire 70 which .pleads to a contact 71 over which 'a controller normally in connection with a contact 75 on a key bolt 76, and when the key bolt is retracted. This key bolt 76 is of any suitable typeand is contained within the door. providing the contacts 74 and 75 in the mam circuit. it is seen that whenever the key bolt 76 is-shot forward to lock the door themain circuit is opened and. therefore. the motor cannot be. started when the door is locked. The contact 75 is connected by wire 77 with .one side of a suitable power-supply main.

the other side of which is represented by wire 78 which leads through wire 79 to the other terminal of the motor 2. From the wire 7S a wire 80 leads toa magnet 1 through wire 82 to a contact 82 adapted to be connected to the controller arm 72. This magnet 1 is adapted to operate a toggle joint 13 through its core 11 to actuate a brake band 18. which has been described above. Another contact 81 under the control of the controller arm 72 is connected by a wire S5 to the wire 60 above mentioned.

lVhen'ever the controller arm 72 is placed on the contact 81. assuming that the key bolt 76 is retracted. as shown in the figures. the motor 2 is energized to open the door withs outV regard to whether or notany of the switches 66, 67 and 68 have been operated. This provides an independent means ofcoutrolling the opening of the vdoor apart from the local. switches. This controller 72 may be located at a distance. lVhen the controller arm 72 is on the contact 71. in order to energize the motor 2 one of the local switches 66. 67 and 68 must be actuated. although only instantaneously. This actuation momentarily energizes the relay 61 which pulls up this lower contact 63 and bridges the gap between the plates 61 and 65. The circuit for the motor at this point is as follows: from its lower terminal through wire 79. wire 78. wire 77. contacts 'Tf1 and 75, wire 7 3, controller arm 72. wire 70, contacts 64 and 65. wire 69, relay61. wire 60 and switch 53 tothe other terminal of the motor 2. When this circuit is closed the motor is energized to commence to open the door'and will continue to do so until the cam 50 permits the switch 53 to be opened. The position of this cam. of course. can be determined to regulate the degree of opening the door. A contact 83 under the control of arms 72 is also provided and connects the magnet 1 directly with the .power means through the key-bolt switch above men-f tioned. This contact 83 is provided so that by the operation of this controller 72 the door may stop in any particular position by merely moving the controller arm 7 2 to cover the'contact 83.

Briefly, the operation of my devicel is as follows, assuming the controller arm 72 to have been placed on the contact 71. One of ner above described.

the local switches 66. 67 and G8 can be momentarily closed. whereby the relay 6l pulls up and remains energized in the man- The'motor 2 operates the arn 11 connected to the link 12 inthe door jamb 13 through the following connection: shaft 15, cam 16. friction weights 1S and 19. carrier 22. pinion 23. oear 30. pinion 31. ring'gear 32. one-way clutch members 34. lmb shaft 6. pinion 8. gear 9. shaft 10 to arm 11. During the operation of shaft 6 the spring 3 is being wound up. If the speed of motor 2 reaches a certain maximum of value. the rotation of centrifugal weightmembers 25 with the carrier 22 will cause them to move outwardly against the ring 20 and retard the speed of the motor. A brief consideration of Figure 8 will show that the carrier 22, being loosely mounted on shaft 15. is never positively connected to the motor shaft 15 excepting through the engagement therewith of the members 18 and 19. but these members only engage the carrier 22 when the motor is operating to drive the cam 16 to force these parts into engagement with the carrier. In other words. when the motor is idle. the parts 18 and 19 are withdrawn by the springs 2-0 and 21 from engagement with the carrier 22. Any movement. therefore. of the arrier 22 contributed to it by the movement of the train of gearing above mentioned by means of the spring 3 will'not cause the motor to be operated. although it will cause the centrifugal weight members 25 to be operated in their normal manner and thereby act as a brake for the spring 3 as well as for the motor 2.

When the motor 2 has moved the shaft 1() sufficiently far. the cam 50 on the shaft 10 will permit the opening of switch 53 in the manner above described. whereby the Amotor 2 is deenergized. At this instant the spring 3.7whicl1`has previously been wound up. exerts its force and tends to close the door through pinion 8. gear 9. shaft 10 and arm 11. During this movement its speed is regulated by the centrifugal brake members :2:5 in the manner just above-mentioned. If

one desires to open the door bv hand. the

arrangement. of clutch member-31 between the rlng gear 32 and the lmb 33 permits the hub to be moved in the required di.

rection with respect to the ring gear 32 without moving the same.

At any particular moment. by moving the controller arm 72 to the contact C3 the magnet -1 can be energized to actuate the brake band 18 against the inner surface of gear 30 and stop the door.

It will, of course. be understood that various modifications inthis apparatus can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention above set forth and hereinafter claimed.

I claim: 1. The combination with a door of a sha operatively connected with the door for moving the same, a motor, ,power transmitting means between the motor and said shaft, a spring connected with" the said shaft and adapted to wind during the. opening of the` door by the said motor, a one-wav acting clutch mechanism between the spring and said means for permitting the door to be operated independently of the motor, and an automatic device operatively connected with said means to limit the speed with which the door is moved by the motor and by the spring.

2. The combination of a door, a shaft operatively connected with the door for moving the same, a motor, power transmitting means between the motor and said shaft, a spring connected with the said shaft and adapted to wind during the opening of the door-bv the said motor, a one-way acting clutch mechanism between the spring andl said means for permitting the `door to be operated independently of the motor, an automatic device. operatively connected with the said means to limit the .speed with which the door is moved by the motor and by the spring, a circuit for the motor, means for closing the motor circuit to open the door, and a switch in said circuit, said switch arranged to be opened automatically when the door is fully opened.

3. The combination with a door of a shaft operatively connected therewith, a spring connected with the shaft to wind as the shaft opens the` door, a gearing, a one-way acting clutch mechanism between the' gearing and the spring. a motor connected with the gearing, a brake means associated with the gearing` said brake means operating to retard the movement of the gearing whenever the movement of the door in any direction exceeds a ypredetermined rate of travel.`

4. T he combination with a door of a shaft operatively connected therewith, a Spring connected with the shaft to wind as the shaft opens the door, a gearing, a one-way acting clutch mechanism between the gearing and spring, a motor connected with the gearing, a brake means associated with the gearing, said brake means operating to retard the movement of the gearing whenever the movement of the door in any direction exceeds a predetermined rate of travel, a

vcircuit for the motor, a controller for the circuit, and a switch for automatically opening the` circuit when the door is fully opened.

5. A door-operating mechanism comprising a motor, a train of gearing to be driven by said motor, a motor-operated clutch adapted to connect the motor with the gearing when the motor is started, and braking means cooperating with the said clutch to limit the speed of the motor, said clutch adapted to automatically disconnect the motor from the gearing when the motor is at rest.

6. A door-operating mechanism comprising a shaft operatively connected with the door, a motor for driving said shaft, a motor circuit, a relay circuit in parallel to the motor circuit, a, plurality of local contacts inthe circuit with said relay, a controller switch in the motor circuit,l and controller contacts adapted to be closed by said controller switch, said controller switch in connection with one of its contacts adapted to energize the relay through the operation ot one of the local contacts and in connection with another of its contacts adapted to energize the motor independently of the loi cal contact.

JACOB R. KAlSERMAN. 

